PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired two times late to take a surprise lead. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to seal a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.